Can I eat eel while pregnant?

US pregnancy food safety guidance. Educational only.

What Guidelines Say

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FDA guidelines categorize cooked eel as a 'Best Choice' due to low mercury levels and high nutritional value.

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According to FDA and EPA guidelines, eel is classified as a 'Best Choice' for pregnant women, meaning it is safe to consume 2 to 3 servings (8 to 12 ounces total) per week. Eel is a nutrient-dense source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and Vitamin B12. In culinary contexts, particularly sushi, eel (Unagi or Anago) is almost exclusively served fully cooked, which eliminates the risk of parasites and foodborne illnesses like Listeriosis. Furthermore, raw eel blood contains a protein toxin that is harmful to humans; however, this toxin is neutralized by high heat during the cooking process. Medical guidelines emphasize that as long as the eel is cooked to an internal temperature of 145°F, it poses minimal risk and provides significant developmental benefits for the fetus.

Avoid

High-Mercury Fish

Caution

Consume eel no more than once per week during pregnancy.

Safe Options

Low-Mercury Fish

Expert Pick

Cooked Shellfish

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Updated: Sources: Advice about Eating Fish | FDA +5

Safer Choices

Low-Mercury Fish

  • Salmon
  • Tilapia
  • Cod

Cooked Shellfish

  • Shrimp
  • Crab

Canned Light Tuna

  • Up to 2 servings per week

Unagi (Freshwater Eel)

  • Typically grilled (Kabayaki style) and glazed, ensuring the meat is fully cooked through heat exposure.

Anago (Saltwater Eel)

  • Commonly simmered or deep-fried in tempura, preparations that reach the necessary safety temperatures to kill pathogens.

Home-Prepared Eel

  • Cooking eel to an internal temperature of 145°F (63°C) as measured by a food thermometer ensures safety.

Eel Sauce (Nitsume)

  • A thickened, sweet soy-based sauce used on eel dishes that contains no raw fish and is considered safe.

Risks & Limits

High-Mercury Fish

  • Shark
  • Swordfish
  • King Mackerel
  • Tilefish

Raw or Undercooked Seafood

  • Increased risk of listeriosis
  • Foodborne illnesses

Unpasteurized Seafood Products

  • Smoked or pickled eel unless cooked

Raw or Undercooked Eel

  • Raw eel blood contains ichthyotoxin, a protein that can cause illness unless neutralized by thorough cooking.

Excessive Consumption

  • While low in mercury, exceeding 12 ounces of fish per week may lead to unnecessary accumulation of environmental contaminants.

Locally Caught Eel

  • Eel caught in local lakes or streams may contain higher levels of PCBs; checking local advisories is recommended.

Key Points from Health Guidelines

Based on FDA, ACOG, Mayo Clinic published guidance

  • 1
    Consume eel no more than once per week during pregnancy.
  • 2
    Ensure eel is cooked to an internal temperature of 145°F.
  • 3
    Avoid raw or undercooked eel preparations.
  • 4
    Choose low-mercury fish options for additional servings.
  • 5
    Limit total seafood intake to 8-12 ounces per week.
  • 6
    Avoid high-mercury fish species entirely.
  • 7
    Consult healthcare providers for personalized dietary advice.

Common Questions About eel in Pregnant

Can I eat eel while pregnant?
FDA guidelines categorize cooked eel as a 'Best Choice' due to low mercury levels and high nutritional value.
Is it safe to eat eel during the first trimester?
Yes, but limit to 1 serving (4 ounces) per week and ensure it's thoroughly cooked to 145°F to minimize mercury exposure and eliminate pathogens.
How much eel can I safely consume weekly while pregnant?
The FDA recommends limiting eel intake to 1 serving (4 ounces) per week during pregnancy.
What are the risks of consuming eel during pregnancy?
Eel contains moderate mercury levels, which can affect fetal brain development. Raw or undercooked eel also poses risks of foodborne illnesses like listeriosis.
Are there safer alternatives to eel during pregnancy?
Yes, low-mercury fish such as salmon, tilapia, and cod are safer options, allowing 2-3 servings (8-12 ounces) per week.
How should eel be prepared to ensure safety during pregnancy?
Eel should be cooked to an internal temperature of 145°F to eliminate potential pathogens. Avoid raw or undercooked preparations.